--- title: In a certain forest in my kingdom," said the King, "there are two Gi… — Grimm's Fairy Stories · tree and pragmatics description: In a certain forest in my kingdom," said the King, "there are two Giants, who, by murder, rapine, fire, and robbery, have committed great damage, and no one approaches them without endangering his own life. Who acts: King, two Giants, one. A sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, The Va --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11027/13/78/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Grimm's Fairy Stories](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11027/) / [The Valiant Little Tailor](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11027/13/) / 78 # Grimm's Fairy Stories, The Valiant Little Tailor, sentence 78 In a certain forest in my kingdom," said the King, "there are two Giants, who, by murder, rapine, fire, and robbery, have committed great damage, and no one approaches them without endangering his own life. **Who acts:** King, two Giants, one · **What happens:** say, be, have, approach, endanger · **To what, where:** certain forest, committed great damage, murder, own life · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, The Valiant Little Tailor. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, two Giants, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg11027:13:78 # text = In a certain forest in my kingdom," said the King, "there are two Giants, who, by murder, rapine, fire, and robbery, have committed great damage, and no one approaches them without endangering his own life. 1 In in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 certain certain ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 forest forest NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 kingdom kingdom NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 9 " " PUNCT '' _ 10 punct _ _ 10 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 King King PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 13 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 14 " " PUNCT `` _ 16 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 15 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 16 expl _ _ 16 are be VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 17 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 18 nummod _ _ 18 Giants Giant PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 20 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 32 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 21 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 22 by by ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 murder murder NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 25 rapine rapine NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 27 fire fire NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 28 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 robbery robbery NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 31 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 32 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 parataxis _ _ 33 committed committed ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 amod _ _ 34 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 amod _ _ 35 damage damage NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 36 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 38 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 39 det _ _ 39 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 nsubj _ _ 40 approaches approach VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 41 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 obj _ _ 42 without without SCONJ IN _ 43 mark _ _ 43 endangering endanger VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 40 advcl _ _ 44 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 46 nmod:poss _ _ 45 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 46 amod _ _ 46 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 47 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | the King | | | a certain forest in my kingdom | | | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent in forest=Manner | | 2 | **be** | present | two Giants | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **have** | present | two Giants | committed great damage | | | | by murder and rapine and fire and robbery | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent damage=Patient | | 4 | **approach** | present | no one | murder | | | | | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | | 5 | **endanger** | gerund | no one *not said here* | King's own life | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 11027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 77](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11027/13/77/) - next →: [sentence 79](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11027/13/79/) - ↑ back to [The Valiant Little Tailor](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11027/13/)