---
title: Lift up the latch," cried the grandmother; "I am much too ill to get… — Grimm's Fairy Stories · tree and pragmatics
description: Lift up the latch," cried the grandmother; "I am much too ill to get up myself." Who acts: you, I. A sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Little Red Cap, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Grimm's Fairy Stories, Little Red Cap, sentence 24

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Lift up the latch," cried the grandmother; "I am much too ill to get up myself."

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**Who acts:** you, I · **What happens:** lift up, cry, be, get up · **To what, where:** latch, grandmother, myself · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Little Red Cap. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg11027:14:24
# text = Lift up the latch," cried the grandmother; "I am much too ill to get up myself."
1	Lift	lift	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	up	up	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	latch	latch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
7	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	grandmother	grandmother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
11	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
13	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
14	much	much	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
15	too	too	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	advcl	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	advcl	_	_
19	up	up	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
20	myself	myself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	18	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift up** | imperative | you *not said here* | the latch |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cry** *speech: express* *in a quote* | past |  | the grandmother |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grandmother=Topic |
| 3 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | ill *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **get up** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | myself |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 11027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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