---
title: But the trusty John had fallen down at the last word and was turned… — Grimm's Fairy Stories · tree and pragmatics
description: But the trusty John had fallen down at the last word and was turned into stone. Who acts: trusty. A sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Faithful John, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Grimm's Fairy Stories, Faithful John, sentence 93

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But the trusty John had fallen down at the last word and was turned into stone.

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**Who acts:** trusty · **What happens:** fall down, turn · **To what, where:** last word, stone

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This is a sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Faithful John. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trusty), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg11027:16:93
# text = But the trusty John had fallen down at the last word and was turned into stone.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	trusty	trusty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	John	John	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
5	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	down	down	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	turned	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
15	into	into	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall down** | past · perfect | the trusty |  |  | the last word |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at word=Location |
| 2 | **turn** | past · passive | the trusty *not said here* |  |  | stone |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: into stone=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 11027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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