---
title: By and by, when they were alone in the wood, the Huntsman seemed so… — Grimm's Fairy Stories · tree and pragmatics
description: By and by, when they were alone in the wood, the Huntsman seemed so sad that the Prince asked him what ailed him. Who acts: war, Huntsman, Prince. A sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, The Water of Life, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Grimm's Fairy Stories, The Water of Life, sentence 52

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By and by, when they were alone in the wood, the Huntsman seemed so sad that the Prince asked him what ailed him.

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**Who acts:** war, Huntsman, Prince · **What happens:** be, seem, ask, ail · **To what, where:** Huntsman · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, The Water of Life. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (war, Huntsman, Prince), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg11027:17:52
# text = By and by, when they were alone in the wood, the Huntsman seemed so sad that the Prince asked him what ailed him.
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
8	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	Huntsman	Huntsman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	so	so	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	_
18	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	Prince	Prince	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
21	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	advcl	_	_
22	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	iobj	_	_
23	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	24	nsubj	_	_
24	ailed	ail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	ccomp	_	_
25	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | war |  |  |  |  | by the wood | tree rules |
| 2 | **seem** | past | the Huntsman |  |  |  |  | sad *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the Prince |  | Huntsman |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 4 | **ail** | past |  | Huntsman |  |  |  |  | vn pain-40.8.1 «NP V NP.experiencer»: agent=Patient he=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 11027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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