---
title: Then one big black cow took up a mouthful of grass directly, with To… — Grimm's Fairy Stories · tree and pragmatics
description: Then one big black cow took up a mouthful of grass directly, with Tom in it, and swallowed it down; without doing him any damage, however. Who acts: one big black cow. A sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, The Travels of Tom Thumb, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every
---

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# Grimm's Fairy Stories, The Travels of Tom Thumb, sentence 45

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Then one big black cow took up a mouthful of grass directly, with Tom in it, and swallowed it down; without doing him any damage, however.

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**Who acts:** one big black cow · **What happens:** take up, swallow down, do · **To what, where:** mouthful, grass, Tom

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This is a sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, The Travels of Tom Thumb. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one big black cow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg11027:22:45
# text = Then one big black cow took up a mouthful of grass directly, with Tom in it, and swallowed it down; without doing him any damage, however.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
2	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
3	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	cow	cow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	mouthful	mouthful	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	directly	directly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	swallowed	swallow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	down	down	ADP	RP	_	20	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
25	doing	do	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
26	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	_
27	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	28	det	_	_
28	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	however	however	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take up** | past | one big black cow | a mouthful of grass |  |  | then | with Tom in grass; directly, however *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mouthful=Theme |
| 2 | **swallow down** | past | one big black cow *not said here* | grass |  |  |  |  | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 3 | **do** | gerund | one big black cow *not said here* | Tom |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 11027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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