---
title: The beard was fixed in a gash in the tree trunk, and the tiny fellow… — Grimm's Fairy Stories · tree and pragmatics
description: The beard was fixed in a gash in the tree trunk, and the tiny fellow was hopping to and fro, like a dog at the end of a string, but he could not manage to free himself. Who acts: tiny fellow, fellow. A sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Snow-white and Rose-red, with its dependency t
---

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# Grimm's Fairy Stories, Snow-white and Rose-red, sentence 47

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The beard was fixed in a gash in the tree trunk, and the tiny fellow was hopping to and fro, like a dog at the end of a string, but he could not manage to free himself.

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**Who acts:** tiny fellow, fellow · **What happens:** fix, hop, fro, not manage · **To what, where:** beard, gash

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This is a sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Snow-white and Rose-red. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tiny fellow, fellow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg11027:23:47
# text = The beard was fixed in a gash in the tree trunk, and the tiny fellow was hopping to and fro, like a dog at the end of a string, but he could not manage to free himself.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	beard	beard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	fixed	fix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	gash	gash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	trunk	trunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	fellow	fellow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
17	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	hopping	hop	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	fixed	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	fro	fro	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	like	like	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
26	at	at	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	string	string	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
33	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
34	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
35	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
36	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	37	advmod	_	_
37	manage	manage	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
38	to	to	PART	TO	_	39	mark	_	_
39	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	xcomp	_	_
40	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	39	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fix** | past · passive |  | the beard |  | a gash in the tree trunk |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **hop** | past · progressive | the tiny fellow |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **fro** | infinitive | the tiny fellow *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like a dog at the end of a string | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **manage** | could | fellow |  |  |  |  | free *property* | vn succeed-74-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 11027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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