---
title: And there is no boat, either," said Grethel; "but there swims a whit… — Grimm's Fairy Stories · tree and pragmatics
description: And there is no boat, either," said Grethel; "but there swims a white duck, and I will ask her to help us over." Who acts: boat, Grethel, I. A sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Hansel and Grethel, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Grimm's Fairy Stories, Hansel and Grethel, sentence 101

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And there is no boat, either," said Grethel; "but there swims a white duck, and I will ask her to help us over."

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** boat, Grethel, I · **What happens:** be, say, swim, ask, help over · **To what, where:** white duck, duck, us · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Hansel and Grethel. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boat, Grethel, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg11027:8:101
# text = And there is no boat, either," said Grethel; "but there swims a white duck, and I will ask her to help us over."
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	_
3	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	ccomp	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	either	either	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	Grethel	Grethel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	16	expl	_	_
16	swims	swim	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	ccomp	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	duck	duck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	ask	ask	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	conj	_	_
25	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	iobj	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	27	mark	_	_
27	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	xcomp	_	_
28	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	27	obj	_	_
29	over	over	ADP	RP	_	27	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | no boat |  |  | there |  | either *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | Grethel |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **swim** | present |  | a white duck |  | there |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location duck=Theme |
| 4 | **ask** *speech: ask* | future | I |  | duck |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S\_INF»: agent=Agent she=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 5 | **help over** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | I *not said here* |  | us |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 11027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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