---
title: Oh, you wretch," he exclaimed, "now thou shalt learn what shivering… — Grimm's Fairy Stories · tree and pragmatics
description: Oh, you wretch," he exclaimed, "now thou shalt learn what shivering means, for thou shalt die!" Who acts: you, man, thou, shivering. A sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Oh, If I Could But Shiver!, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Grimm's Fairy Stories, Oh, If I Could But Shiver!, sentence 148

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Oh, you wretch," he exclaimed, "now thou shalt learn what shivering means, for thou shalt die!"

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**Who acts:** you, man, thou, shivering · **What happens:** wretch, exclaim, learn, mean, die · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Oh, If I Could But Shiver!. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, man, thou, shivering), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg11027:9:148
# text = Oh, you wretch," he exclaimed, "now thou shalt learn what shivering means, for thou shalt die!"
1	Oh	oh	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	wretch	wretch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	exclaimed	exclaim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	14	advmod	_	_
12	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	nsubj	_	_
13	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	learn	learn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	parataxis	_	_
15	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	17	obj	_	_
16	shivering	shivering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
20	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	22	nsubj	_	_
21	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	die	die	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wretch** |  | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **exclaim** *speech: express* *in a quote* | past | man |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **learn** | shall | thou |  |  |  | now |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **mean** | present | shivering |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic |
| 5 | **die** | shall | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 11027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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