---
title: "Have you lost your senses?" cried the grand-vizir, starting back in… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: "Have you lost your senses?" cried the grand-vizir, starting back in horror. " Who acts: you, grand vizir. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/1/66/)

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 1, sentence 66

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"Have you lost your senses?" cried the grand-vizir, starting back in horror. "

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**Who acts:** you, grand vizir · **What happens:** lose, cry, start back · **To what, where:** senses, horror · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, grand vizir), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:1:66
# text = "Have you lost your senses?" cried the grand-vizir, starting back in horror. "
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	senses	sens	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
9	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	grand	grand	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	vizir	vizir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	starting	start	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
16	back	back	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	horror	horror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
20	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** *in a quote* | present · perfect | you | your senses |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sens=Eventuality |
| 2 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | the grand vizir |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **start back** | gerund | the grand vizir *not said here* |  |  | horror |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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