---
title: I then took a peach and wrote on it some verses in praise of the Sul… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: I then took a peach and wrote on it some verses in praise of the Sultan, who was speechless with astonishment; but when I did the same thing on a glass from which I had drunk he murmured to himself, "Why, a man who could do as much would be cleverer than any other man, and this is only a monkey!" Wh
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 10, sentence 41

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I then took a peach and wrote on it some verses in praise of the Sultan, who was speechless with astonishment; but when I did the same thing on a glass from which I had drunk he murmured to himself, "Why, a man who could do as much would be cleverer than any other man, and this is only a monkey!"

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, Sultan, man, this · **What happens:** take, write, be, do, drink, murmur · **To what, where:** peach, verses, same thing, glass, Sultan, monkey · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Sultan, man, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:10:41
# text = I then took a peach and wrote on it some verses in praise of the Sultan, who was speechless with astonishment; but when I did the same thing on a glass from which I had drunk he murmured to himself, "Why, a man who could do as much would be cleverer than any other man, and this is only a monkey!"
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	peach	peach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	_
10	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	det	_	_
11	verses	verse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	praise	praise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Sultan	Sultan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
19	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
20	speechless	speechless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	astonishment	astonishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
24	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
25	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	27	advmod	_	_
26	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	advcl	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
31	on	on	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
34	from	from	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	38	obl	_	_
36	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj	_	_
37	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
38	drunk	drink	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	40	advcl	_	_
39	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	40	nsubj	_	_
40	murmured	murmur	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
41	to	to	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	40	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
44	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	45	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	56	punct	_	_
47	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
48	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	56	nsubj	_	_
49	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	51	nsubj	_	_
50	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	51	aux	_	_
51	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	48	acl:relcl	_	_
52	as	as	ADV	RB	_	53	advmod	_	_
53	much	much	ADV	RB	_	51	advmod	_	_
54	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	56	aux	_	_
55	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	56	cop	_	_
56	cleverer	clever	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	parataxis	_	_
57	than	than	ADP	IN	_	60	case	_	_
58	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	60	det	_	_
59	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	60	amod	_	_
60	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	56	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	67	punct	_	_
62	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	67	cc	_	_
63	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	67	nsubj	_	_
64	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	67	cop	_	_
65	only	only	ADV	RB	_	67	advmod	_	_
66	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	67	det	_	_
67	monkey	monkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
68	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	67	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
69	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	67	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | I | a peach |  |  | then |  | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent peach=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 2 | **write** | past | I *not said here* | some verses |  | peach |  | in praise of the Sultan | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent verse=Theme on it=Destination |
| 3 | **is** | past | the Sultan |  |  |  |  | with astonishment; speechless *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **do** | past | I | the same thing |  | a glass |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality |
| 5 | **drink** | past · perfect | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from which=Source |
| 6 | **murmur** *speech: other* | past | Sultan |  | Sultan |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient |
| 7 | **do** *in a quote* | could | a man |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **is** *in a quote* | would | a man |  |  |  |  | than any other man; clever *property* | tree rules |
| 9 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | this | a monkey |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 10 | **praise** |  |  | the Sultan |  |  |  |  | nom praise «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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