---
title: We all remained where we were quaking with anxiety, when the ground… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: We all remained where we were quaking with anxiety, when the ground opened in front of us and a black and white cat leapt out, its hair standing on end, and miauing frightfully. Who acts: we, ground, hair. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 10, with its d
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 10, sentence 82

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We all remained where we were quaking with anxiety, when the ground opened in front of us and a black and white cat leapt out, its hair standing on end, and miauing frightfully.

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**Who acts:** we, ground, hair · **What happens:** remain, quake, open, leapt out, stand, miau · **To what, where:** We, front, hair, end

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, ground, hair), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:10:82
# text = We all remained where we were quaking with anxiety, when the ground opened in front of us and a black and white cat leapt out, its hair standing on end, and miauing frightfully.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	remained	remain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	7	advmod	_	_
5	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	quaking	quake	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	nmod	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
21	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	conj	_	_
24	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
25	leapt	leapt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
26	out	out	ADP	RP	_	25	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
30	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	29	acl	_	_
31	on	on	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
35	miauing	miau	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	30	conj	_	_
36	frightfully	frightfully	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remain** | participle · passive |  | We |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Attribute |
| 2 | **quake** | past · progressive | we |  |  |  |  | with anxiety | vn body\_internal\_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **open** | past | the ground |  |  | front of us |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **leapt out** | infinitive | the ground *not said here* | ground's hair |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **stand** | gerund | ground's hair *not said here* |  |  |  | on end |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on end=Location |
| 6 | **miau** | gerund | ground's hair *not said here* |  |  |  |  | frightfully *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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