---
title: Both I and the Sultan had given up all hope of a rescue, when there… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: Both I and the Sultan had given up all hope of a rescue, when there was a shout of "Victory, victory!" from the princess, and the genius lay at her feet a great heap of ashes. Who acts: hope, genius, rescue. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 10, with its
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 10, sentence 92

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both I and the Sultan had given up all hope of a rescue, when there was a shout of "Victory, victory!" from the princess, and the genius lay at her feet a great heap of ashes.

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**Who acts:** hope, genius, rescue · **What happens:** give up, be, lie, hope, shout · **To what, where:** I, great heap, feet, Victory

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hope, genius, rescue), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:10:92
# text = Both I and the Sultan had given up all hope of a rescue, when there was a shout of "Victory, victory!" from the princess, and the genius lay at her feet a great heap of ashes.
1	Both	both	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc:preconj	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Sultan	Sultan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	hope	hope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	rescue	rescue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	17	advmod	_	_
16	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	17	expl	_	_
17	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	shout	shout	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	Victory	victory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	victory	victory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	_
27	from	from	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	princess	princess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	genius	genius	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
34	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
35	at	at	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl	_	_
38	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
39	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
40	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	_
41	of	of	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	ashes	ash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give up** | past · perfect · passive |  | I |  |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Source |
| 2 | **is** | past | all hope of a rescue |  |  |  |  | from the princess | tree rules |
| 3 | **lie** | past | the genius | a great heap of ashes |  | princess's feet |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location heap=Theme |
| 4 | **hope** |  | a rescue |  |  |  |  |  | nom hope «feeling intransitive»: of=agent |
| 5 | **shout** |  |  | Victory |  |  |  |  | nom shout «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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