---
title: From time to time we landed at various islands, where we sold or exc… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: From time to time we landed at various islands, where we sold or exchanged our merchandise, and one day, when the wind dropped suddenly, we found ourselves becalmed close to a small island like a green meadow, which only rose slightly above the surface of the water. Who acts: we, wind. A sentence of
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 13, sentence 44

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
From time to time we landed at various islands, where we sold or exchanged our merchandise, and one day, when the wind dropped suddenly, we found ourselves becalmed close to a small island like a green meadow, which only rose slightly above the surface of the water.

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**Who acts:** we, wind · **What happens:** land, sell, exchange, drop, find, becalm · **To what, where:** various islands, merchandise, ourselves, green meadow, surface · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, wind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:13:44
# text = From time to time we landed at various islands, where we sold or exchanged our merchandise, and one day, when the wind dropped suddenly, we found ourselves becalmed close to a small island like a green meadow, which only rose slightly above the surface of the water.
1	From	from	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	landed	land	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	various	various	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	islands	island	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	13	advmod	_	_
12	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	sold	sell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	exchanged	exchange	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
16	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	merchandise	merchandise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
20	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	21	nummod	_	_
21	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	26	advmod	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
26	dropped	drop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
27	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
30	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
31	ourselves	ourselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	30	obj	_	_
32	becalmed	becalm	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	30	ccomp	_	_
33	close	close	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	32	advmod	_	_
34	to	to	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
35	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
36	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
37	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
38	like	like	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
39	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
40	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	meadow	meadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
43	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	45	obj	_	_
44	only	only	ADV	RB	_	45	advmod	_	_
45	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	41	acl:relcl	_	_
46	slightly	slightly	ADV	RB	_	45	advmod	_	_
47	above	above	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	obl	_	_
50	of	of	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
51	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
52	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **land** | past | we |  |  | various islands | time |  | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **sell** | past | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **exchange** | past | we *not said here* | our merchandise |  |  |  |  | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent merchandise=Theme |
| 4 | **drop** | past | the wind |  |  |  | day | suddenly *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **find** | past | we | ourselves |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent ourselves=Attribute clause=Theme |
| 6 | **becalm** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | to a small island like a green meadow; close *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **rise** | past |  | a green meadow |  | the surface of the water |  | slightly *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location which=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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