---
title: I was thankful when the morning light appeared, and when I judged by… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: I was thankful when the morning light appeared, and when I judged by the silence that the serpents had retreated to their dens I came tremblingly out of my cave and wandered up and down the valley once more, kicking the diamonds contemptuously out of my path, for I felt that they were indeed vain th
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 14, sentence 33

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I was thankful when the morning light appeared, and when I judged by the silence that the serpents had retreated to their dens I came tremblingly out of my cave and wandered up and down the valley once more, kicking the diamonds contemptuously out of my path, for I felt that they were indeed vain things to a man in my situation.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, morning light, serpents · **What happens:** be, appear, judge, retreat, come, wander up · **To what, where:** serpents, cave, diamonds, path, vain things

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, morning light, serpents), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:14:33
# text = I was thankful when the morning light appeared, and when I judged by the silence that the serpents had retreated to their dens I came tremblingly out of my cave and wandered up and down the valley once more, kicking the diamonds contemptuously out of my path, for I felt that they were indeed vain things to a man in my situation.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	thankful	thankful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
11	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	13	advmod	_	_
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	judged	judge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	advcl	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	silence	silence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	serpents	serpent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
20	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	retreated	retreat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	advcl	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	dens	den	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
25	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
27	tremblingly	tremblingly	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
28	out	out	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	wandered	wander	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	conj	_	_
34	up	up	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
36	down	down	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	conj	_	_
39	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	40	advmod	_	_
40	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	33	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
42	kicking	kick	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	33	advcl	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	diamonds	diamond	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	obj	_	_
45	contemptuously	contemptuously	ADV	RB	_	42	advmod	_	_
46	out	out	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
47	of	of	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	49	nmod:poss	_	_
49	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	53	punct	_	_
51	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	53	mark	_	_
52	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	53	nsubj	_	_
53	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	parataxis	_	_
54	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	59	mark	_	_
55	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	59	nsubj	_	_
56	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	59	cop	_	_
57	indeed	indeed	ADV	RB	_	58	advmod	_	_
58	vain	vain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	59	amod	_	_
59	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	53	xcomp	_	_
60	to	to	ADP	IN	_	62	case	_	_
61	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	62	det	_	_
62	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	obl	_	_
63	in	in	ADP	IN	_	65	case	_	_
64	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	65	nmod:poss	_	_
65	situation	situation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
66	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | I |  |  |  |  | thankful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **appear** | past | the morning light |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **judge** | past | I |  |  |  |  | by the silence | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **retreat** | past · perfect · passive |  | the serpents |  |  |  | to serpents's dens *result* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: subject=Extent to den=Result |
| 5 | **come** | past | I |  |  | my cave |  | tremblingly *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme out cave=Initial\_Location |
| 6 | **wander up** | past | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **kick** | gerund | I *not said here* | the diamonds |  | my path |  | contemptuously *property* | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent diamond=Patient out path=Location |
| 8 | **feel** | past | I |  |  |  |  | to a man; in my situation | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Theme in situation=Attribute |
| 9 | **is a** | past | serpents *= serpent* | vain things |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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