---
title: Suddenly we were aroused by a loud rustling noise, and starting up,… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: Suddenly we were aroused by a loud rustling noise, and starting up, saw that it was caused by an immense snake which was gliding towards us over the sand. Who acts: loud rustling noise, immense snake. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 15, with its depend
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 15, sentence 37

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Suddenly we were aroused by a loud rustling noise, and starting up, saw that it was caused by an immense snake which was gliding towards us over the sand.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** loud rustling noise, immense snake · **What happens:** arouse, start up, see, cause, glide · **To what, where:** we, hunger, sand · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (loud rustling noise, immense snake), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:15:37
# text = Suddenly we were aroused by a loud rustling noise, and starting up, saw that it was caused by an immense snake which was gliding towards us over the sand.
1	Suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	aroused	arouse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	rustling	rustling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	starting	start	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	advcl	_	_
13	up	up	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
15	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
16	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	ccomp	_	_
20	by	by	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	immense	immense	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	snake	snake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
24	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
25	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	gliding	glide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	23	acl:relcl	_	_
27	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	obl	_	_
29	over	over	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arouse** | past · passive | a loud rustling noise | we |  |  |  | suddenly *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **start up** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **see** | past | a loud rustling noise *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 4 | **cause** | past · passive | a immense snake | hunger |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient |
| 5 | **glide** | past · progressive | a immense snake |  |  | the sand |  | towards us | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme towards we=Source over sand=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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