---
title: Almost before I reached the bottom the stone was rolled into its pla… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: Almost before I reached the bottom the stone was rolled into its place above my head, and I was left to my fate. Who acts: I, my. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 16, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 16, sentence 53

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Almost before I reached the bottom the stone was rolled into its place above my head, and I was left to my fate.

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**Who acts:** I, my · **What happens:** reach, roll, leave, fate · **To what, where:** bottom, stone, place, I, fate

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:16:53
# text = Almost before I reached the bottom the stone was rolled into its place above my head, and I was left to my fate.
1	Almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	rolled	roll	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
11	into	into	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	above	above	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	fate	fate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reach** | past | I | the bottom |  |  |  | almost *property* | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent bottom=Theme |
| 2 | **roll** | past · passive |  | the stone |  | stone's place above my head |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme into place=Trajectory |
| 3 | **leave** | past · passive |  | I | my fate |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to fate=Recipient |
| 4 | **fate** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom fate «event transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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