---
title: Nevertheless, by the time I had buried the last of my companions my… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: Nevertheless, by the time I had buried the last of my companions my stock of provisions was so small that I hardly thought I should live long enough to dig my own grave, which I set about doing, while I regretted bitterly the roving disposition which was always bringing me into such straits, and tho
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 17, sentence 50

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nevertheless, by the time I had buried the last of my companions my stock of provisions was so small that I hardly thought I should live long enough to dig my own grave, which I set about doing, while I regretted bitterly the roving disposition which was always bringing me into such straits, and thought longingly of all the comfort and luxury that I had left.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, last, roving disposition, my · **What happens:** bury, be, think, live, dig, set · **To what, where:** own grave, roving disposition, me, such straits, that, provisions · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, last, roving disposition, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:17:50
# text = Nevertheless, by the time I had buried the last of my companions my stock of provisions was so small that I hardly thought I should live long enough to dig my own grave, which I set about doing, while I regretted bitterly the roving disposition which was always bringing me into such straits, and thought longingly of all the comfort and luxury that I had left.
1	Nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	buried	bury	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	last	last	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	companions	companion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
14	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	stock	stock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	provisions	provision	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	so	so	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	parataxis	_	_
21	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
22	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	hardly	hardly	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	advcl	_	_
25	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
26	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	live	live	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	ccomp	_	_
28	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	27	advmod	_	_
29	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
30	to	to	PART	TO	_	31	mark	_	_
31	dig	dig	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	advcl	_	_
32	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
33	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	grave	grave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
36	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	38	obj	_	_
37	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj	_	_
38	set	set	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	acl:relcl	_	_
39	about	about	SCONJ	IN	_	40	mark	_	_
40	doing	do	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	38	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
42	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	44	mark	_	_
43	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	44	nsubj	_	_
44	regretted	regret	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	conj	_	_
45	bitterly	bitterly	ADV	RB	_	48	advmod	_	_
46	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
47	roving	rove	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	48	amod	_	_
48	disposition	disposition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obj	_	_
49	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	52	nsubj	_	_
50	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	52	aux	_	_
51	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	52	advmod	_	_
52	bringing	bring	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	48	acl:relcl	_	_
53	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	52	iobj	_	_
54	into	into	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
55	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	56	amod	_	_
56	straits	strait	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	52	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	59	punct	_	_
58	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	59	cc	_	_
59	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
60	longingly	longingly	ADV	RB	_	64	advmod	_	_
61	of	of	ADP	IN	_	64	case	_	_
62	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	64	det:predet	_	_
63	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	64	det	_	_
64	comfort	comfort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	59	ccomp	_	_
65	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	66	cc	_	_
66	luxury	luxury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	64	conj	_	_
67	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	70	nsubj:pass	_	_
68	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	70	nsubj	_	_
69	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	70	aux	_	_
70	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	64	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
71	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bury** | past · perfect | I |  |  |  | time | nevertheless *property* | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | the last of my companions |  |  |  |  | small *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **think** *speech: other* | past | I |  |  |  |  | hardly *property* | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **live** | should | I |  |  |  |  | long *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **dig** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | my own grave |  |  |  |  | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent grave=Theme |
| 6 | **set** | present | I | my own grave |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient which=Result |
| 7 | **do** | gerund | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **regret** | past | I | the roving disposition |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer disposition=Stimulus |
| 9 | **rove** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 10 | **bring** | past · progressive | the roving disposition |  | me | such straits |  | always *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent i=Theme into strait=Destination |
| 11 | **think** *speech: other* | past | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 12 | **leave** | past · perfect · passive |  | that |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 13 | **stock** |  | my | provisions |  |  |  |  | nom stock «possession transitive»: poss=agent of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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