---
title: Moreover, he loaded me with rich gifts, and when I went to take leav… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: Moreover, he loaded me with rich gifts, and when I went to take leave of him he entrusted me with a royal present and a letter to the Commander of the Faithful, our sovereign lord, saying, "I pray you give these to the Caliph Haroun al Raschid, and assure him of my friendship." Who acts: king, I, yo
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 18, sentence 16

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Moreover, he loaded me with rich gifts, and when I went to take leave of him he entrusted me with a royal present and a letter to the Commander of the Faithful, our sovereign lord, saying, "I pray you give these to the Caliph Haroun al Raschid, and assure him of my friendship."

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**Who acts:** king, I, you · **What happens:** load, go, take, entrust, say, pray · **To what, where:** me, leave, these, Haroun al, king · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, I, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:18:16
# text = Moreover, he loaded me with rich gifts, and when I went to take leave of him he entrusted me with a royal present and a letter to the Commander of the Faithful, our sovereign lord, saying, "I pray you give these to the Caliph Haroun al Raschid, and assure him of my friendship."
1	Moreover	moreover	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	loaded	load	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	gifts	gift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	13	advmod	_	_
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
16	leave	leave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nmod	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	entrusted	entrust	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
21	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	royal	royal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	present	present	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	_
29	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	Commander	Commander	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	Faithful	faithful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
36	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	nmod:poss	_	_
37	sovereign	sovereign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	compound	_	_
38	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
40	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
42	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	44	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	44	nsubj	_	_
44	pray	pray	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	40	ccomp	_	_
45	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	46	nsubj	_	_
46	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	44	conj	_	_
47	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	46	obj	_	_
48	to	to	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
49	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
50	Caliph	Caliph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	51	compound	_	_
51	Haroun	Haroun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	52	compound	_	_
52	al	Al	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	46	obl	_	_
53	Raschid	Raschid	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	52	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	56	punct	_	_
55	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	56	cc	_	_
56	assure	assure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
57	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	56	obj	_	_
58	of	of	ADP	IN	_	60	case	_	_
59	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	60	nmod:poss	_	_
60	friendship	friendship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	56	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	56	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	56	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **load** | past | king |  | me |  |  | with rich gifts; moreover *property* | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent i=Destination with gift=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **take** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | leave of king |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leave=Theme |
| 4 | **entrust** | past | king | leave of king *not said here* | me |  |  | with a royal present and a letter to the Commander of the Faithful and our sovereign lord | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: agent=Agent i=Recipient with present=Theme |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **pray** *in a quote* | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 7 | **give** *in a quote* | present | you | these | the Haroun al |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent this=Theme to al=Recipient |
| 8 | **assure** *in a quote* | infinitive | king *not said here* |  | king |  |  | of my friendship | vn advise-37.9 «NP V NP PP.topic»: agent=Agent he=Recipient of friendship=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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