---
title: Presently my raft was brought in and the bales opened in his presenc… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: Presently my raft was brought in and the bales opened in his presence, and the king declared that in all his treasury there were no such rubies and emeralds as those which lay in great heaps before him. Who acts: bales, king, such rubies. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew L
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 18, sentence 4

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Presently my raft was brought in and the bales opened in his presence, and the king declared that in all his treasury there were no such rubies and emeralds as those which lay in great heaps before him.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** bales, king, such rubies · **What happens:** bring in, open, declare, be, lie · **To what, where:** raft, presence, treasury, great heaps

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bales, king, such rubies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:18:4
# text = Presently my raft was brought in and the bales opened in his presence, and the king declared that in all his treasury there were no such rubies and emeralds as those which lay in great heaps before him.
1	Presently	presently	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	raft	raft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	bales	bale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	presence	presence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	declared	declare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
19	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	23	det:predet	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	treasury	treasury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
24	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	25	expl	_	_
25	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	advcl	_	_
26	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	28	det	_	_
27	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	rubies	ruby	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nsubj	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	emeralds	emerald	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	conj	_	_
31	as	as	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	28	nmod	_	_
33	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	34	nsubj	_	_
34	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	acl:relcl	_	_
35	in	in	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
37	heaps	heap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl	_	_
38	before	before	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring in** | past · passive |  | my raft |  |  |  | presently *property* | vn earn-54.6 «NP V NP»: subject=Asset |
| 2 | **open** | past | the bales |  |  | king's presence |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in presence=Location |
| 3 | **declare** *speech: other* | past | the king |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **be** | past | no such rubies as those and emeralds |  |  | king's treasury; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in treasury=Location |
| 5 | **lie** | past |  |  |  | great heaps | before king |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in heap=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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