---
title: The servant opened it, but having no light was hardly able to make o… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: The servant opened it, but having no light was hardly able to make out their faces, though she readily agreed to wake me and to hand me the fee for my services. Who acts: servant, having, my. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 19, with its dependency tree
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 19, sentence 103

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The servant opened it, but having no light was hardly able to make out their faces, though she readily agreed to wake me and to hand me the fee for my services.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** servant, having, my · **What happens:** open, have, be, make out, agree, wake · **To what, where:** patient, light, faces, me, fee

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (servant, having, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:19:103
# text = The servant opened it, but having no light was hardly able to make out their faces, though she readily agreed to wake me and to hand me the fee for my services.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
7	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	csubj	_	_
8	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	9	det	_	_
9	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	hardly	hardly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	xcomp	_	_
15	out	out	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
16	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	faces	face	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
20	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	readily	readily	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	agreed	agree	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	wake	wake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	xcomp	_	_
25	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	hand	hand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	conj	_	_
29	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	28	obj	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	fee	fee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
32	for	for	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	services	service	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | past | the servant | patient |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location it=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | gerund |  | no light |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | past | having |  |  |  |  | able, hardly *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **make out** | to-infinitive | having *not said here* | man's faces |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer face=Stimulus |
| 5 | **agree** *speech: agree* | past | servant |  |  |  |  | readily *property* | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **wake** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | servant *not said here* | me |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent i=Patient |
| 7 | **hand** | to-infinitive | servant *not said here* | the fee | me |  |  | for my services | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Destination fee=Theme |
| 8 | **service** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom service «act transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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