---
title: Now the purveyor's speech had been made in a loud voice, and was hea… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: Now the purveyor's speech had been made in a loud voice, and was heard by all the crowd, and even if he had wished it, the chief of police could not have escaped setting the merchant free. Who acts: crowd, purveyor. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 19, 
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 19, sentence 97

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now the purveyor's speech had been made in a loud voice, and was heard by all the crowd, and even if he had wished it, the chief of police could not have escaped setting the merchant free.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** crowd, purveyor · **What happens:** make, hear, wish, not escape, set, speak · **To what, where:** speech, loud voice, chief · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (crowd, purveyor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:19:97
# text = Now the purveyor's speech had been made in a loud voice, and was heard by all the crowd, and even if he had wished it, the chief of police could not have escaped setting the merchant free.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	purveyor	purveyor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	conj	_	_
17	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	20	det:predet	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
23	even	even	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
24	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
26	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	wished	wish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	conj	_	_
28	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nsubj:pass	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	_
34	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
35	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	37	advmod	_	_
36	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	37	aux	_	_
37	escaped	escape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	parataxis	_	_
38	setting	set	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	37	xcomp	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	merchant	merchant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obl:unmarked	_	_
41	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past · perfect · passive |  | the purveyor's speech |  | a loud voice |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **hear** | past · passive | all crowd |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **wish** *a condition, not said to happen* | past · perfect | purveyor | speech |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot it=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **escape** | could · perfect · passive |  | the chief of police |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **set** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | free *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 6 | **speak** |  | the purveyor |  |  |  |  |  | nom speech «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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