--- title: This smoke came nearer and nearer, and then, all at once, it vanishe… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics description: This smoke came nearer and nearer, and then, all at once, it vanished, and they saw the genius, who, without speaking to them, approached the merchant, sword in hand, and, taking him by the arm, said, "Get up and let me kill you as you killed my son." Who acts: smoke, others, genius, me. A sentence --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/2/70/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Arabian Nights Entertainments](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/) / [Opening, part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/2/) / 70 # The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 2, sentence 70 This smoke came nearer and nearer, and then, all at once, it vanished, and they saw the genius, who, without speaking to them, approached the merchant, sword in hand, and, taking him by the arm, said, "Get up and let me kill you as you killed my son." **Who acts:** smoke, others, genius, me, you · **What happens:** come, vanish, see, speak, approach, take · **To what, where:** genius, others, merchant, me, you, son · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (smoke, others, genius, me), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg128:2:70 # text = This smoke came nearer and nearer, and then, all at once, it vanished, and they saw the genius, who, without speaking to them, approached the merchant, sword in hand, and, taking him by the arm, said, "Get up and let me kill you as you killed my son." 1 This this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 2 det _ _ 2 smoke smoke NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 nearer near ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 3 advmod _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 6 nearer near ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 4 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 9 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 16 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 11 all all ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 12 at at ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 11 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 16 vanished vanish VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 17 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 19 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 20 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 genius genius NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 23 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 24 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 27 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 without without SCONJ IN _ 27 mark _ _ 27 speaking speak VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 22 acl _ _ 28 to to ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 31 approached approach VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 merchant merchant NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 34 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 35 sword sword NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 conj _ _ 36 in in ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 38 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 39 and and CCONJ CC _ 47 cc _ SpaceAfter=No 40 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 41 taking take VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 47 ccomp _ _ 42 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 obj _ _ 43 by by ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 arm arm NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 46 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 47 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 48 , , PUNCT , _ 50 punct _ _ 49 " " PUNCT `` _ 50 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 50 Get get VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 47 ccomp _ _ 51 up up ADP RP _ 50 compound:prt _ _ 52 and and CCONJ CC _ 53 cc _ _ 53 let let VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 50 conj _ _ 54 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 53 obj _ _ 55 kill kill VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 53 xcomp _ _ 56 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 55 obj _ _ 57 as as SCONJ IN _ 59 mark _ _ 58 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 59 nsubj _ _ 59 killed kill VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 55 ccomp _ _ 60 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 61 nmod:poss _ _ 61 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 59 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 62 . . PUNCT . _ 50 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 63 " " PUNCT '' _ 50 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | this smoke | | | | | near *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **vanish** | past | smoke | | | | then | all *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **see** | past | others *= other* | the genius | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer genius=Stimulus | | 4 | **speak** *speech: other* | gerund | the genius | | others *= other* | | | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to they=Co-Agent | | 5 | **approach** | past | others *= other* *not said here* | the merchant and sword in hand | | | | | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent merchant=Theme | | 6 | **take** | gerund | | | merchant | | | by the arm | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument he=Destination | | 7 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 8 | **get up** *in a quote* | infinitive | | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer | | 9 | **let** *in a quote* | infinitive | | me | | | | | tree rules | | 10 | **kill** *in a quote* | infinitive | me *not said here* | you | | | | | tree rules | | 11 | **kill** *in a quote* | past | you | my son | | | | | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 69](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/2/69/) - next →: [sentence 71](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/2/71/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/2/)