--- title: Thinking he was dead, the black ordered the Greek slave to bring him… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics description: Thinking he was dead, the black ordered the Greek slave to bring him some salt, and between them they rubbed it into his wounds, thus giving him acute agony, though he had the presence of mind to give no sign of life. Who acts: black, door, Greek slave, senses. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Ente --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/21/28/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Arabian Nights Entertainments](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/) / [Opening, part 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/21/) / 28 # The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 21, sentence 28 Thinking he was dead, the black ordered the Greek slave to bring him some salt, and between them they rubbed it into his wounds, thus giving him acute agony, though he had the presence of mind to give no sign of life. **Who acts:** black, door, Greek slave, senses · **What happens:** think, be, order, bring, rub, give · **To what, where:** Greek slave, salt, door, wounds, acute agony, presence · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (black, door, Greek slave, senses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg128:21:28 # text = Thinking he was dead, the black ordered the Greek slave to bring him some salt, and between them they rubbed it into his wounds, thus giving him acute agony, though he had the presence of mind to give no sign of life. 1 Thinking think VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 8 advcl _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 dead dead ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 1 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 black black ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 nsubj _ _ 8 ordered order VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 10 Greek Greek ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 slave slave NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 12 to to PART TO _ 13 mark _ _ 13 bring bring VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 xcomp _ _ 14 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obj _ _ 15 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 16 det _ _ 16 salt salt NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 17 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 19 between between ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obl _ _ 21 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 22 rubbed rub VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ _ 23 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ _ 24 into into ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ _ 26 wounds wound NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 27 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 28 thus thus ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 29 giving give VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 22 advcl _ _ 30 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 iobj _ _ 31 acute acute ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 agony agony NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 34 though though SCONJ IN _ 36 mark _ _ 35 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 36 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 parataxis _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 presence presence NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ _ 39 of of ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 mind mind NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 nmod _ _ 41 to to PART TO _ 42 mark _ _ 42 give give VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 36 advcl _ _ 43 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 44 det _ _ 44 sign sign NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 obj _ _ 45 of of ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 46 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 47 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **think** *speech: other* | gerund | the black *not said here* | | | | | | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is** | past | door | | | | | dead *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **order** | past | the black | the Greek slave | | | | | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent slave=Recipient clause=Topic | | 4 | **bring** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the Greek slave *not said here* | some salt | door | | | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent he=Destination salt=Theme | | 5 | **rub** | past | senses *= sens* | salt | | door's wounds | | between senses *= sens* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme between they=Destination | | 6 | **give** | gerund | senses *= sens* *not said here* | acute agony | door | | | thus *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient agony=Theme | | 7 | **have** | past | door | the presence of mind | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent presence=Patient | | 8 | **give** | to-infinitive | door *not said here* | no sign of life | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sign=Theme | | 9 | **wound** | | door | | | | | | nom wound «state transitive»: poss=agent | | 10 | **sign** | | | life | | | | | nom sign «communication transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/21/27/) - next →: [sentence 29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/21/29/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/21/)