---
title: Observing her shabby clothes, my brother thought that her gratitude… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: Observing her shabby clothes, my brother thought that her gratitude was in reality a hint that he should give her some money to buy some new ones, so he held out two pieces of gold. Who acts: brother, gratitude, stranger. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, par
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 21, sentence 7

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Observing her shabby clothes, my brother thought that her gratitude was in reality a hint that he should give her some money to buy some new ones, so he held out two pieces of gold.

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**Who acts:** brother, gratitude, stranger · **What happens:** observe, think, be, give, buy, hold out · **To what, where:** shabby clothes, reality, money, woman, new ones, two pieces

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brother, gratitude, stranger), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:21:7
# text = Observing her shabby clothes, my brother thought that her gratitude was in reality a hint that he should give her some money to buy some new ones, so he held out two pieces of gold.
1	Observing	observe	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
2	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	shabby	shabby	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
10	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	gratitude	gratitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	reality	reality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	ccomp	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	hint	hint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	_
17	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	acl	_	_
21	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	iobj	_	_
22	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	23	det	_	_
23	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	buy	buy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	acl	_	_
26	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	28	det	_	_
27	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	so	so	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
31	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
32	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
33	out	out	ADP	RP	_	32	compound:prt	_	_
34	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	35	nummod	_	_
35	pieces	piece	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obj	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **observe** | gerund | my brother *not said here* | woman's shabby clothes |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent clothes=Topic |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | past | my brother |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | past | woman's gratitude |  |  | reality |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **give** | should | stranger | some money | woman |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent she=Recipient money=Theme |
| 5 | **buy** | to-infinitive | stranger *not said here* | some new ones |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme |
| 6 | **hold out** | past | stranger | two pieces of gold |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent piece=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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