---
title: "My lord," he said, "you behold in me a poor man who only lives by t… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: "My lord," he said, "you behold in me a poor man who only lives by the help of persons as rich and as generous as you." Who acts: lord, you, poor man. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 21, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 21, sentence 97

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"My lord," he said, "you behold in me a poor man who only lives by the help of persons as rich and as generous as you."

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**Who acts:** lord, you, poor man · **What happens:** say, behold, live, help · **To what, where:** poor man, persons · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lord, you, poor man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:21:97
# text = "My lord," he said, "you behold in me a poor man who only lives by the help of persons as rich and as generous as you."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	behold	behold	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	obl	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
17	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
18	only	only	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
20	by	by	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	_
25	as	as	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	obl	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	as	as	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
29	generous	generous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	conj	_	_
30	as	as	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | My lord |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **behold** *in a quote* | present | you | a poor man |  |  |  | in My lord *= lord* | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer man=Stimulus |
| 3 | **live** *in a quote* | present | a poor man |  |  |  |  | by the help of persons; as rich | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by help=Location |
| 4 | **help** *in a quote* |  |  | persons |  |  |  |  | nom help «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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