---
title: I refer the matter to an umpire, and shall expect you to submit to h… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: I refer the matter to an umpire, and shall expect you to submit to his verdict." Who acts: I, you. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 23, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 23, sentence 74

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I refer the matter to an umpire, and shall expect you to submit to his verdict."

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**Who acts:** I, you · **What happens:** refer, expect, submit · **To what, where:** matter, umpire, you

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 23. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:23:74
# text = I refer the matter to an umpire, and shall expect you to submit to his verdict."
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	refer	refer	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	matter	matter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	umpire	umpire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	expect	expect	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	submit	submit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	verdict	verdict	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refer** | present | I | the matter | a umpire |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent matter=Theme to umpire=Recipient |
| 2 | **expect** | shall |  | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **submit** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to China's verdict | vn acquiesce-95.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to verdict=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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