---
title: Noureddin availed himself of every opportunity to gaze upon her beau… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: Noureddin availed himself of every opportunity to gaze upon her beauty, to talk and laugh with her, and never would have left her side if his mother had not forced him. Who acts: Noureddin. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 28, with its dependency tree a
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 28, sentence 22

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Noureddin availed himself of every opportunity to gaze upon her beauty, to talk and laugh with her, and never would have left her side if his mother had not forced him.

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**Who acts:** Noureddin · **What happens:** avail, gaze, talk, laugh, not leave, not force · **To what, where:** vizir, side, mother

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Noureddin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:28:22
# text = Noureddin availed himself of every opportunity to gaze upon her beauty, to talk and laugh with her, and never would have left her side if his mother had not forced him.
1	Noureddin	Noureddin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	availed	avail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	2	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	gaze	gaze	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
9	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	beauty	beauty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	laugh	laugh	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	conj	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
21	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
22	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
23	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	aux	_	_
24	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	parataxis	_	_
25	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
28	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj:pass	_	_
30	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
31	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	32	advmod	_	_
32	forced	force	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	advcl	_	_
33	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **avail** | past | Noureddin | vizir |  |  |  | of every opportunity | tree rules |
| 2 | **gaze** | to-infinitive | Noureddin *not said here* |  |  |  |  | upon Noureddin's beauty | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent upon beauty=Theme |
| 3 | **talk** | to-infinitive | Noureddin *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **laugh** | infinitive | Noureddin *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with Noureddin | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **not** **leave** | would · perfect |  | Noureddin's side |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent side=Theme |
| 6 | **not** **force** *a condition, not said to happen* | past · perfect · passive |  | vizir's mother |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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