--- title: "Would to heaven," exclaimed the wife of the vizir, "that what you s… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics description: "Would to heaven," exclaimed the wife of the vizir, "that what you say were true; but Noureddin has deceived you, and his father will sacrifice him in vengeance for the wrong he has done." Who acts: wife, you, Noureddin, father. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Openi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/28/44/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Arabian Nights Entertainments](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/) / [Opening, part 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/28/) / 44 # The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 28, sentence 44 "Would to heaven," exclaimed the wife of the vizir, "that what you say were true; but Noureddin has deceived you, and his father will sacrifice him in vengeance for the wrong he has done." **Who acts:** wife, you, Noureddin, father · **What happens:** exclaim, say, be, deceive, sacrifice, do · **To what, where:** that, you, vizir, vengeance · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wife, you, Noureddin, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg128:28:44 # text = "Would to heaven," exclaimed the wife of the vizir, "that what you say were true; but Noureddin has deceived you, and his father will sacrifice him in vengeance for the wrong he has done." 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 2 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 Would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 3 to to ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 heaven heaven NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 6 " " PUNCT `` _ 7 punct _ _ 7 exclaimed exclaim VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 wife wife NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 vizir vizir NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 13 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 14 " " PUNCT '' _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 15 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 18 obj _ _ 16 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 18 obj _ _ 17 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 parataxis _ _ 19 were be VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 ccomp _ _ 20 true true ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 21 ; ; PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 22 but but CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 23 Noureddin Noureddin PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 24 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ _ 25 deceived deceive VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 7 parataxis _ _ 26 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 25 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 27 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 29 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ _ 30 father father NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nsubj _ _ 31 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 32 aux _ _ 32 sacrifice sacrifice VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 conj _ _ 33 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obj _ _ 34 in in ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 vengeance vengeance NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 36 for for ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 wrong wrong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 advcl _ _ 39 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj _ _ 40 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 41 done do VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 38 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 42 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 43 " " PUNCT '' _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **exclaim** *speech: express* | would | the wife of the vizir | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | present | you | that | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **be** *in a quote* | past | | | | | | true *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **deceive** *in a quote* | present · perfect | Noureddin | you | | | | | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Patient | | 5 | **sacrifice** *in a quote* | future | vizir's father | vizir | | vengeance | | | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent he=Theme | | 6 | **do** *in a quote* | present · perfect | father | | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/28/43/) - next →: [sentence 45](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/28/45/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/28/)