---
title: One of his friends had risen at the same time, but Noureddin was bef… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: One of his friends had risen at the same time, but Noureddin was before him, and finding the intruder to be the steward, he went out and closed the door. Who acts: One, Noureddin, vizir, intruder. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 28, with its dependency
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 28, sentence 95

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One of his friends had risen at the same time, but Noureddin was before him, and finding the intruder to be the steward, he went out and closed the door.

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**Who acts:** One, Noureddin, vizir, intruder · **What happens:** rise, be, find, go out, close · **To what, where:** intruder, steward, door

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (One, Noureddin, vizir, intruder), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Checked tree.** This sentence is in the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3 (`gutenberg:pg128:2354`): parsed by Mova, then checked and patched by a teacher model under UD validation gates — Mova annot: Rust (en) → Claude Opus (medium) patches; gates UD 2.18.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:28:95
# text = One of his friends had risen at the same time, but Noureddin was before him, and finding the intruder to be the steward, he went out and closed the door.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
5	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	risen	rise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	Noureddin	Noureddin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	before	before	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	conj	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
19	finding	find	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	28	advcl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	intruder	intruder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
23	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	cop	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	steward	steward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	xcomp	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
29	out	out	ADP	RP	_	28	compound:prt	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	closed	close	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	conj	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	_
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | past · perfect | One of vizir's friends |  |  |  | time |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | Noureddin |  |  |  | before vizir |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **find** | gerund | vizir *not said here* | the intruder |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent intruder=Topic |
| 4 | **is a** | to-infinitive | the intruder *not said here* | the steward |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **go out** | past | vizir |  |  |  |  |  | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **close** | past | vizir *not said here* | the door |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent door=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3, Apache-2.0 OR MIT. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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