---
title: "My lord," said the steward, "I beg a thousand pardons for interrupt… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: "My lord," said the steward, "I beg a thousand pardons for interrupting you, but what I have long foreseen has taken place. Who acts: lord. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 28, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 28, sentence 97

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"My lord," said the steward, "I beg a thousand pardons for interrupting you, but what I have long foreseen has taken place.

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**Who acts:** lord · **What happens:** say, beg, interrupt, foresee, take · **To what, where:** steward, thousand pardons, you, place · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lord), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:28:97
# text = "My lord," said the steward, "I beg a thousand pardons for interrupting you, but what I have long foreseen has taken place.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	steward	steward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	beg	beg	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	pardons	pardon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
16	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	interrupting	interrupt	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
18	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	27	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
23	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	25	advmod	_	_
25	foreseen	foresee	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	21	acl:relcl	_	_
26	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	ccomp	_	_
28	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | My lord | the steward |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **beg** *speech: request* *in a quote* | present | My lord *= lord* | thousand pardons |  |  |  |  | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.Topic»: agent=Agent pardon=Recipient |
| 3 | **interrupt** *in a quote* | gerund | My lord *= lord* *not said here* | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **foresee** *in a quote* | present · perfect | My lord *= lord* |  |  |  |  | long *property* | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **take** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | place |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme place=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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