---
title: The Caliph Haroun-al-Raschid, chancing at that moment to open a wind… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: The Caliph Haroun-al-Raschid, chancing at that moment to open a window in the saloon of his palace looking on the garden, was surprised to see the pavilion brilliantly illuminated. Who acts: Caliph, palace. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 29, with its 
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 29, sentence 93

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Caliph Haroun-al-Raschid, chancing at that moment to open a window in the saloon of his palace looking on the garden, was surprised to see the pavilion brilliantly illuminated.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Caliph, palace · **What happens:** chance, open, look, be, see, illuminate · **To what, where:** window, saloon, pavilion

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 29. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Caliph, palace), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:29:93
# text = The Caliph Haroun-al-Raschid, chancing at that moment to open a window in the saloon of his palace looking on the garden, was surprised to see the pavilion brilliantly illuminated.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Caliph	Caliph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
3	Haroun	Haroun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	al	Al	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Raschid	Raschid	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	chancing	chance	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	12	det	_	_
12	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	open	open	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	saloon	saloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
23	looking	look	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	22	acl	_	_
24	on	on	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
28	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
29	surprised	surprised	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
30	to	to	PART	TO	_	31	mark	_	_
31	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	xcomp	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	pavilion	pavilion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	_
34	brilliantly	brilliantly	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
35	illuminated	illuminate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	33	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	29	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chance** | gerund | the Caliph and al *not said here* |  |  |  | moment |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **open** | to-infinitive | the Caliph and al *not said here* | a window |  | the saloon of Caliph's palace |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent window=Theme in saloon=Location |
| 3 | **look** | gerund | Caliph's palace *not said here* |  |  |  |  | on the garden | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on garden=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | past | the Caliph and al |  |  |  |  | surprised *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **see** | to-infinitive | the Caliph and al *not said here* | the pavilion |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer pavilion=Stimulus |
| 6 | **illuminate** | participle |  | the pavilion *not said here* |  |  |  | brilliantly *property* | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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