---
title: He then turned to Aladdin, and asked him his trade, at which the boy… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: He then turned to Aladdin, and asked him his trade, at which the boy hung his head, while his mother burst into tears. Who acts: bade, boy, mother. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 30, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 30, sentence 103

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He then turned to Aladdin, and asked him his trade, at which the boy hung his head, while his mother burst into tears.

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**Who acts:** bade, boy, mother · **What happens:** turn, ask, hang, burst, trade · **To what, where:** Aladdin, trade, bade, head, tears

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bade, boy, mother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:30:103
# text = He then turned to Aladdin, and asked him his trade, at which the boy hung his head, while his mother burst into tears.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
3	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Aladdin	Aladdin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	iobj	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	obl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	hung	hang	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
24	burst	burst	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
25	into	into	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	tears	tear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | bade |  | Aladdin |  | then |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to aladdin=Result |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | bade *not said here* | bade's trade | bade |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **hang** | past | the boy | bade's head |  |  |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent head=Theme at which=Destination |
| 4 | **burst** | past | bade's mother |  |  | tears |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **trade** |  | bade |  |  |  |  |  | nom trade «act transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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