---
title: To gain this end, he loaded several of his own slaves with rich gift… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: To gain this end, he loaded several of his own slaves with rich gifts, and presented himself at their head to the king, saying that they were from the new king on his coronation. Who acts: Saouy, gifts. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 30, with its depe
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 30, sentence 66

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To gain this end, he loaded several of his own slaves with rich gifts, and presented himself at their head to the king, saying that they were from the new king on his coronation.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Saouy, gifts · **What happens:** gain, load, present, say, be, coronate · **To what, where:** end, several, Saouy, head, coronation · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saouy, gifts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:30:66
# text = To gain this end, he loaded several of his own slaves with rich gifts, and presented himself at their head to the king, saying that they were from the new king on his coronation.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	gain	gain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
4	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	loaded	load	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	slaves	slave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	gifts	gift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	presented	present	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
19	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	18	obj	_	_
20	at	at	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
23	to	to	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	_
28	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	34	mark	_	_
29	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
30	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	34	cop	_	_
31	from	from	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	ccomp	_	_
35	on	on	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	coronation	coronation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gain** | to-infinitive | Saouy *not said here* | this end |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent end=Theme |
| 2 | **load** | past | Saouy | several |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent several=Theme |
| 3 | **present** | past | Saouy *not said here* | Saouy |  | gifts's head to the king |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Theme |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Saouy *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is** | past | gifts *= gift* |  |  | Saouy's coronation |  | from the new king | tree rules |
| 6 | **coronate** |  | Saouy |  |  |  |  |  | nom coronation «event transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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