---
title: For several days after Noureddin's departure with the letter the Cal… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: For several days after Noureddin's departure with the letter the Caliph had forgotten to send the express with the patent, without which the letter was useless. Who acts: Caliph, letter, Noureddin. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 30, with its dependenc
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 30, sentence 81

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For several days after Noureddin's departure with the letter the Caliph had forgotten to send the express with the patent, without which the letter was useless.

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**Who acts:** Caliph, letter, Noureddin · **What happens:** forget, not send, be, depart · **To what, where:** letter, express

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Caliph, letter, Noureddin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:30:81
# text = For several days after Noureddin's departure with the letter the Caliph had forgotten to send the express with the patent, without which the letter was useless.
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	Noureddin	Noureddin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	departure	departure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Caliph	Caliph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
13	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	forgotten	forget	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	acl:relcl	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	send	send	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	express	express	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	patent	patent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
23	without	without	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	28	obl	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
27	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
28	useless	useless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forget** | past · perfect | the Caliph | the letter *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **send** | to-infinitive | the Caliph *not said here* | the express |  |  |  | with the patent | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent express=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | the letter |  |  |  |  | useless *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **depart** |  | Noureddin |  |  |  |  | with the letter | nom departure «act intransitive»: poss=agent with=obl |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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