---
title: When he came to himself he told his mother what had passed, and show… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: When he came to himself he told his mother what had passed, and showed her the lamp and the fruits he had gathered in the garden, which were in reality precious stones. Who acts: Aladdin, garden. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 31, with its dependency 
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 31, sentence 24

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When he came to himself he told his mother what had passed, and showed her the lamp and the fruits he had gathered in the garden, which were in reality precious stones.

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**Who acts:** Aladdin, garden · **What happens:** come, tell, pass, show, gather, be · **To what, where:** Aladdin, mother, lamp, earth, fruits, garden · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 31. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Aladdin, garden), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:31:24
# text = When he came to himself he told his mother what had passed, and showed her the lamp and the fruits he had gathered in the garden, which were in reality precious stones.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	obl	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	iobj	_	_
10	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
16	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	iobj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	lamp	lamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	fruits	fruit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	gathered	gather	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	conj	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
29	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	34	nsubj	_	_
30	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	34	cop	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	reality	reality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	compound	_	_
33	precious	precious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Aladdin |  | Aladdin |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to himself=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | Aladdin |  | Aladdin's mother |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent mother=Recipient |
| 3 | **pass** | past · perfect · passive |  | Aladdin's mother |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: subject=Trajectory |
| 4 | **show** | past | Aladdin *not said here* | the lamp | earth |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent she=Recipient lamp=Topic |
| 5 | **gather** | past · perfect · passive |  | the fruits |  | the garden and reality precious stones |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 6 | **is** | past | the garden and reality precious stones |  |  | reality precious stones |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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