---
title: The Sultan asked her kindly what she had in the napkin, whereupon sh… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: The Sultan asked her kindly what she had in the napkin, whereupon she unfolded the jewels and presented them. Who acts: Sultan, woman. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 31, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 31, sentence 60

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The Sultan asked her kindly what she had in the napkin, whereupon she unfolded the jewels and presented them.

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**Who acts:** Sultan, woman · **What happens:** ask, have, unfold, present · **To what, where:** woman, napkin, jewels

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 31. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sultan, woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:31:60
# text = The Sultan asked her kindly what she had in the napkin, whereupon she unfolded the jewels and presented them.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Sultan	Sultan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	obj	_	_
7	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	napkin	napkin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	whereupon	whereupon	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	15	advmod	_	_
14	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	unfolded	unfold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	jewels	jewel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	presented	present	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
20	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the Sultan |  | woman |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | past | woman |  |  | the napkin |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **unfold** | past | woman | the jewels |  |  |  | whereupon *property* | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent jewel=Patient |
| 4 | **present** | past | woman *not said here* | jewels *= jewel* |  |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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