---
title: The princess was too frightened to speak, and passed the most misera… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: The princess was too frightened to speak, and passed the most miserable night of her life, while Aladdin lay down beside her and slept soundly. Who acts: princess, Aladdin. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 31, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 31, sentence 76

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The princess was too frightened to speak, and passed the most miserable night of her life, while Aladdin lay down beside her and slept soundly.

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**Who acts:** princess, Aladdin · **What happens:** be, speak, pass, lie down, sleep · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 31. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (princess, Aladdin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:31:76
# text = The princess was too frightened to speak, and passed the most miserable night of her life, while Aladdin lay down beside her and slept soundly.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	princess	princess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	too	too	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	frightened	frightened	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	13	advmod	_	_
13	miserable	miserable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
20	Aladdin	Aladdin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
21	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	_
22	down	down	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
23	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	slept	sleep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	conj	_	_
27	soundly	soundly	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the princess |  |  |  |  | frightened *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | the princess *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **pass** | past | the princess *not said here* |  |  |  | night |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **lie down** | past | Aladdin |  |  |  |  | beside genie; down *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent beside she=Location |
| 5 | **sleep** | past | Aladdin *not said here* |  |  |  |  | soundly *property* | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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