--- title: The Sultan told the vizir to ask his son, who owned the truth, addin… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics description: The Sultan told the vizir to ask his son, who owned the truth, adding that, dearly as he loved the princess, he had rather die than go through another such fearful night, and wished to be separated from her. Who acts: Sultan, son. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Ope --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/31/86/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Arabian Nights Entertainments](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/) / [Opening, part 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/31/) / 86 # The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 31, sentence 86 The Sultan told the vizir to ask his son, who owned the truth, adding that, dearly as he loved the princess, he had rather die than go through another such fearful night, and wished to be separated from her. **Who acts:** Sultan, son · **What happens:** tell, ask, own, add, love, die · **To what, where:** vizir, son, truth, that, princess · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 31. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sultan, son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg128:31:86 # text = The Sultan told the vizir to ask his son, who owned the truth, adding that, dearly as he loved the princess, he had rather die than go through another such fearful night, and wished to be separated from her. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Sultan Sultan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 told tell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 vizir vizir NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 iobj _ _ 6 to to PART TO _ 7 mark _ _ 7 ask ask VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ _ 8 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ _ 9 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 12 nsubj _ _ 12 owned own VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 acl:relcl _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 truth truth NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 16 adding add VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 7 advcl _ _ 17 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 16 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 19 dearly dearly ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 parataxis _ _ 20 as as SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 21 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 22 loved love VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 advcl _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 princess princess NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 26 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 27 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 aux _ _ 28 rather rather ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 29 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ _ 30 than than SCONJ IN _ 31 mark _ _ 31 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 29 xcomp _ _ 32 through through ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 33 another another DET DT PronType=Ind 36 det _ _ 34 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ _ 35 fearful fearful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ _ 36 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 37 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 39 wished wish VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 40 to to PART TO _ 42 mark _ _ 41 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 42 aux:pass _ _ 42 separated separate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 39 xcomp _ _ 43 from from ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 44 her she PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 42 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 45 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | the Sultan | | the vizir | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent vizir=Recipient clause=Topic | | 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the Sultan *not said here* | | Sultan's son | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent son=Recipient | | 3 | **own** | past | Sultan's son | the truth | | | | | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot truth=Theme | | 4 | **add** *speech: assert* | gerund | the Sultan *not said here* | that | | | | | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Patient | | 5 | **love** | past | Sultan | the princess | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer princess=Stimulus | | 6 | **die** | past | Sultan | | | | | | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | | 7 | **go** | infinitive | Sultan *not said here* | | | | night | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **wish** | past | the Sultan *not said here* | | | | | | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | | 9 | **separate** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive · passive | the Sultan *not said here* | | | | | from child | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle PP»: from she=Co-Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 85](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/31/85/) - next →: [sentence 87](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/31/87/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/31/)