---
title: "False wretch!" said the Sultan, "come hither," and showed him from… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: "False wretch!" said the Sultan, "come hither," and showed him from the window the place where his palace had stood. Who acts: False wretch, palace. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 32, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 32, sentence 31

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"False wretch!" said the Sultan, "come hither," and showed him from the window the place where his palace had stood.

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**Who acts:** False wretch, palace · **What happens:** say, come, show, stand · **To what, where:** place, Sultan, window · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 32. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (False wretch, palace), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:32:31
# text = "False wretch!" said the Sultan, "come hither," and showed him from the window the place where his palace had stood.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	False	false	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	wretch	wretch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Sultan	Sultan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	ccomp	_	_
12	hither	hither	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	iobj	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
23	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	27	advmod	_	_
24	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
26	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	stood	stand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	22	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | False wretch |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **come** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | hither *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **show** | past | False wretch *not said here* | the place | Sultan | the window |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient place=Topic |
| 4 | **stand** | past · perfect | Sultan's palace |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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