---
title: They passed on towards the palace, but walking through a square, the… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: They passed on towards the palace, but walking through a square, they came upon a crowd watching a young and well-dressed man who was urging a horse at full speed round the open space, using at the same time his spurs and whip so unmercifully that the animal was all covered with foam and blood. Who 
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 33, sentence 16

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They passed on towards the palace, but walking through a square, they came upon a crowd watching a young and well-dressed man who was urging a horse at full speed round the open space, using at the same time his spurs and whip so unmercifully that the animal was all covered with foam and blood.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** alms, crowd, young dressed man, man · **What happens:** pass on, walk, come, watch, dress, urge · **To what, where:** square, crowd, young dressed man, horse, full speed, animal

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 33. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (alms, crowd, young dressed man, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:33:16
# text = They passed on towards the palace, but walking through a square, they came upon a crowd watching a young and well-dressed man who was urging a horse at full speed round the open space, using at the same time his spurs and whip so unmercifully that the animal was all covered with foam and blood.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
9	walking	walk	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	advcl	_	_
10	through	through	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	square	square	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
16	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
19	watching	watch	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	acl	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
21	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
23	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	25	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	dressed	dress	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	amod	_	_
26	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
27	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	29	nsubj	_	_
28	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	urging	urge	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	26	acl:relcl	_	_
30	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
32	at	at	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
35	round	round	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
37	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
40	using	use	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	advcl	_	_
41	at	at	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
43	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	44	amod	_	_
44	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obl	_	_
45	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	46	nmod:poss	_	_
46	spurs	spur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	44	conj	_	_
47	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	48	cc	_	_
48	whip	whip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	conj	_	_
49	so	so	ADV	RB	_	50	advmod	_	_
50	unmercifully	unmercifully	ADV	RB	_	40	advmod	_	_
51	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	56	mark	_	_
52	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	53	det	_	_
53	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	56	nsubj:pass	_	_
54	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	56	aux:pass	_	_
55	all	all	ADV	RB	_	56	advmod	_	_
56	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	40	advcl	_	_
57	with	with	ADP	IN	_	58	case	_	_
58	foam	foam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	56	obl	_	_
59	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	60	cc	_	_
60	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass on** | past | alms *= alm* |  |  |  |  | towards the palace | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **walk** | gerund | alms *= alm* *not said here* |  |  | a square |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through square=Trajectory |
| 3 | **come** | past | alms *= alm* |  |  | a crowd |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon crowd=Location |
| 4 | **watch** | gerund | a crowd *not said here* | a young dressed man |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Theme |
| 5 | **dress** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **urge** | past · progressive | a young dressed man |  | a horse | full speed |  | round the open space | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Recipient |
| 7 | **use** | gerund | alms *= alm* *not said here* |  |  |  | time | unmercifully *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **cover** | past · passive |  | the animal |  |  |  | with foam and blood; all *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with foam=Theme |
| 9 | **spur** |  | man |  |  |  |  |  | nom spur «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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