--- title: I was resting in the shade under a tree, when a dervish, going on fo… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics description: I was resting in the shade under a tree, when a dervish, going on foot towards Balsora, sat down by my side, and I inquired whence he had come and to what place he was going. Who acts: I, Balsora, place. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 33, with its dep --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/33/34/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Arabian Nights Entertainments](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/) / [Opening, part 33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/33/) / 34 # The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 33, sentence 34 I was resting in the shade under a tree, when a dervish, going on foot towards Balsora, sat down by my side, and I inquired whence he had come and to what place he was going. **Who acts:** I, Balsora, place · **What happens:** rest, go, sit down, inquire, come · **To what, where:** shade, foot, place · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 33. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Balsora, place), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg128:33:34 # text = I was resting in the shade under a tree, when a dervish, going on foot towards Balsora, sat down by my side, and I inquired whence he had come and to what place he was going. 1 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 resting rest VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 4 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 shade shade NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 under under ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 11 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 13 advmod _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 dervish dervish NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 going go VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 conj _ _ 16 on on ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 foot foot NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 18 towards towards ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 Balsora Balsora PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 21 sat sit VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 22 down down ADP RP _ 21 compound:prt _ _ 23 by by ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ _ 25 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 28 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 29 inquired inquire VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 30 whence whence ADV WRB PronType=Int 33 advmod _ _ 31 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 32 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 33 come come VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 29 ccomp _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 35 to to ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 33 obl _ _ 37 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 nsubj _ _ 38 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ _ 39 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 40 aux _ _ 40 going go VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 37 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 41 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **rest** | past · progressive | I | | | the shade | | under a tree and a dervish | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent in shade=Location | | 2 | **go** | gerund | I *not said here* | | | foot | | towards Balsora | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme towards balsora=Initial\_Location | | 3 | **sit down** | past | | | | | | by my side | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by side=Location | | 4 | **inquire** *speech: other* | past | I | | | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **come** | past · perfect | Balsora | | | | | whence *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to what=Initial\_Location | | 6 | **go** | past · progressive | place | place *not said here* | | | | | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location place=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/33/33/) - next →: [sentence 35](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/33/35/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/33/)