---
title: From a rich man I had in one moment become a beggar; and up to this… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: From a rich man I had in one moment become a beggar; and up to this time I have lived solely on the alms that have been bestowed on me. Who acts: I. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 34, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 34, sentence 36

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From a rich man I had in one moment become a beggar; and up to this time I have lived solely on the alms that have been bestowed on me.

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**Who acts:** I · **What happens:** have, become, live, bestow · **To what, where:** beggar, alms

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 34. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:34:36
# text = From a rich man I had in one moment become a beggar; and up to this time I have lived solely on the alms that have been bestowed on me.
1	From	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
10	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	beggar	beggar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
15	up	up	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	det	_	_
18	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
19	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	lived	live	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
22	solely	solely	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
23	on	on	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	alms	alm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
26	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	29	obj	_	_
27	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
28	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	29	aux:pass	_	_
29	bestowed	bestow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	acl:relcl	_	_
30	on	on	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | I |  |  |  |  | from a rich man | tree rules |
| 2 | **become** | infinitive | I *not said here* | a beggar |  |  | moment |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **live** | present · perfect | I |  |  | the alms | time | solely *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on alm=Location |
| 4 | **bestow** | present · perfect · passive |  | the alms |  |  |  | on me | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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