---
title: One night I was lying with my eyes closed, and to, all appearance so… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: One night I was lying with my eyes closed, and to, all appearance sound asleep, when Amina arose softly, and dressed herself without making the slightest sound. Who acts: I, Amina. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 34, with its dependency tree and the pr
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 34, sentence 85

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One night I was lying with my eyes closed, and to, all appearance sound asleep, when Amina arose softly, and dressed herself without making the slightest sound.

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**Who acts:** I, Amina · **What happens:** lie, close, sound, arise, dress, make · **To what, where:** eyes, Amina, slightest sound

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 34. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Amina), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:34:85
# text = One night I was lying with my eyes closed, and to, all appearance sound asleep, when Amina arose softly, and dressed herself without making the slightest sound.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
9	closed	close	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	det	_	_
15	appearance	appearance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	sound	sound	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
17	asleep	asleep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	21	advmod	_	_
20	Amina	Amina	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
21	arose	arise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
22	softly	softly	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	dressed	dress	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	conj	_	_
26	herself	herself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	25	obj	_	_
27	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
28	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	25	advcl	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	slightest	slight	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	31	amod	_	_
31	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past · progressive | I |  |  |  | night | with my eyes | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **close** | participle |  | my eyes *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **sound** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | asleep *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 4 | **arise** | past | Amina |  |  |  |  | softly *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **dress** | past | Amina *not said here* | Amina |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent herself=Patient |
| 6 | **make** | gerund | Amina *not said here* | the slightest sound |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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