---
title: I had no sooner uttered these words than Amina, who instantly unders… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: I had no sooner uttered these words than Amina, who instantly understood that I had followed her to the grave-yard, was seized with a passion beyond any that I have ever witnessed. Who acts: I, words. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 35, with its depend
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 35, sentence 1

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I had no sooner uttered these words than Amina, who instantly understood that I had followed her to the grave-yard, was seized with a passion beyond any that I have ever witnessed.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, words · **What happens:** have, utter, understand, follow, seize, witness · **To what, where:** words, I

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 35. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:35:1
# text = I had no sooner uttered these words than Amina, who instantly understood that I had followed her to the grave-yard, was seized with a passion beyond any that I have ever witnessed.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	sooner	soon	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	advmod	_	_
5	uttered	utter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
6	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Amina	Amina	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
12	instantly	instantly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
14	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
15	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	followed	follow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	advcl	_	_
18	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
21	grave	grave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	yard	yard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux:pass	_	_
26	seized	seize	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
27	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	passion	passion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
30	beyond	beyond	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	26	obl	_	_
32	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	36	obj	_	_
33	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj	_	_
34	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
35	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	36	advmod	_	_
36	witnessed	witness	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	31	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **utter** *speech: other* | past | I *not said here* | this words |  |  |  | than Amina; soon *property* | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent word=Topic |
| 3 | **understand** | past | this words |  |  |  |  | instantly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **follow** | past · perfect · passive |  | I |  |  |  | to the grave yard | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP.attribute»: subject=Theme she=Attribute |
| 5 | **seize** | past · passive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with a passion; beyond any | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP» |
| 6 | **witness** | present · perfect | I |  |  |  | ever |  | vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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