---
title: You know that when I first heard of him, I told you I was sure he mu… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: You know that when I first heard of him, I told you I was sure he must be really a man, changed into a dog by magic. Who acts: You, I, dog. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 35, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 35, sentence 61

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You know that when I first heard of him, I told you I was sure he must be really a man, changed into a dog by magic.

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**Who acts:** You, I, dog · **What happens:** know, hear, tell, be, change · **To what, where:** you, man · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 35. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, I, dog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:35:61
# text = You know that when I first heard of him, I told you I was sure he must be really a man, changed into a dog by magic.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	know	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	advmod	_	_
7	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	advcl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	iobj	_	_
14	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	sure	sure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	ccomp	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
18	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
19	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	cop	_	_
20	really	really	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	changed	change	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	conj	_	_
25	into	into	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
28	by	by	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	magic	magic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | present | You |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **hear** | past | I |  |  |  |  | of dog; first *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer of he=Stimulus |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | I |  | you |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient |
| 4 | **is** | past | I |  |  |  |  | sure *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **is a** | must | dog | a man |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **change** | participle | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  | into a dog *result*; by magic | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.result»: agent=Patient into dog=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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