---
title: By his silence the merchant admitted the fact, and the Cadi then com… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: By his silence the merchant admitted the fact, and the Cadi then commanded to have the vase opened. Who acts: merchant, Cadi, vase. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 36, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 36, sentence 112

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By his silence the merchant admitted the fact, and the Cadi then commanded to have the vase opened.

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**Who acts:** merchant, Cadi, vase · **What happens:** admit, command, have, open, silence · **To what, where:** fact · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 36. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (merchant, Cadi, vase), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:36:112
# text = By his silence the merchant admitted the fact, and the Cadi then commanded to have the vase opened.
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	silence	silence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	merchant	merchant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	admitted	admit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Cadi	Cadi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
13	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	14	advmod	_	_
14	commanded	command	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	vase	vase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **admit** *speech: other* | past | the merchant | the fact |  |  |  | by Cadi's silence | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent fact=Theme by silence=Location |
| 2 | **command** | past | the Cadi |  |  |  | then |  | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **have** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the Cadi *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **open** | past | the vase |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **silence** |  | Cadi |  |  |  |  |  | nom silence «state transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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