---
title: The next morning he placed himself on the road along which the Calip… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: The next morning he placed himself on the road along which the Caliph must pass after mid-day prayer, and stretched out his petition to the officer who walked before the Caliph, whose duty it was to collect such things, and on entering the palace to hand them to his master. Who acts: Ali, Caliph, of
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 36, sentence 93

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The next morning he placed himself on the road along which the Caliph must pass after mid-day prayer, and stretched out his petition to the officer who walked before the Caliph, whose duty it was to collect such things, and on entering the palace to hand them to his master.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Ali, Caliph, officer · **What happens:** place, pass, stretch out, walk, be, enter · **To what, where:** Ali, road, petition, Caliph, palace, duties

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 36. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ali, Caliph, officer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:36:93
# text = The next morning he placed himself on the road along which the Caliph must pass after mid-day prayer, and stretched out his petition to the officer who walked before the Caliph, whose duty it was to collect such things, and on entering the palace to hand them to his master.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	placed	place	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	5	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	along	along	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Caliph	caliph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
14	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	acl:relcl	_	_
16	after	after	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	mid-day	mid-day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	prayer	prayer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	stretched	stretch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
22	out	out	ADP	RP	_	21	compound:prt	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	petition	petition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	officer	officer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
28	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	29	nsubj	_	_
29	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	acl:relcl	_	_
30	before	before	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	Caliph	Caliph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
34	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	35	nmod:poss	_	_
35	duty	duty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	appos	_	_
36	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	39	nsubj	_	_
37	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	39	cop	_	_
38	to	to	PART	TO	_	39	mark	_	_
39	collect	collect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	acl:relcl	_	_
40	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
43	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
44	on	on	SCONJ	IN	_	45	mark	_	_
45	entering	enter	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
46	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
47	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	obj	_	_
48	to	to	PART	TO	_	49	mark	_	_
49	hand	hand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	45	ccomp	_	_
50	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	49	obj	_	_
51	to	to	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
52	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	53	nmod:poss	_	_
53	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **place** | past | Ali | Ali |  | the road | morning |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent himself=Theme on road=Destination |
| 2 | **pass** | must | the Caliph |  |  | the road | after mid-day prayer |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme along which=Location |
| 3 | **stretch out** | participle | Ali *not said here* | Ali's petition |  |  |  | to the officer *result* | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent petition=Patient to officer=Result |
| 4 | **walk** | past | the officer |  |  | the Caliph |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before caliph=Trajectory |
| 5 | **is** | past | Caliph |  |  |  |  | collect *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **enter** | gerund | Ali *not said here* | the palace |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **hand** | to-infinitive | Ali *not said here* | duties *= duty* |  | Ali's master |  |  | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme to master=Destination |
| 8 | **petition** |  | Ali |  |  |  |  |  | nom petition «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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