---
title: The Caliph took one of the olives, tasted it, and ordered the expert… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: The Caliph took one of the olives, tasted it, and ordered the expert merchants to do the same. Who acts: Caliph, expert merchants. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 37, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/37/39/)

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 37, sentence 39

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The Caliph took one of the olives, tasted it, and ordered the expert merchants to do the same.

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**Who acts:** Caliph, expert merchants · **What happens:** take, taste, order, do · **To what, where:** one, vase, expert merchants, same

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 37. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Caliph, expert merchants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:37:39
# text = The Caliph took one of the olives, tasted it, and ordered the expert merchants to do the same.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Caliph	Caliph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	olives	olive	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	tasted	taste	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	ordered	order	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	expert	expert	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	merchants	merchant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | the Caliph | one of the olives |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme |
| 2 | **taste** | past |  | vase |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Theme it=Attribute |
| 3 | **order** | past |  | the expert merchants |  |  |  |  | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent merchant=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 4 | **do** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the expert merchants *not said here* | the same |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent same=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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