--- title: The sun was setting, and the monarch was about to give his court the… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics description: The sun was setting, and the monarch was about to give his court the signal to retire, when suddenly an Indian appeared before his throne, leading a horse richly harnessed, and looking in every respect exactly like a real one. Who acts: sun, monarch, Indian. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Enterta --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/37/48/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Arabian Nights Entertainments](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/) / [Opening, part 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/37/) / 48 # The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 37, sentence 48 The sun was setting, and the monarch was about to give his court the signal to retire, when suddenly an Indian appeared before his throne, leading a horse richly harnessed, and looking in every respect exactly like a real one. **Who acts:** sun, monarch, Indian · **What happens:** set, be, give, retire, appear, lead · **To what, where:** signal, court, throne, horse This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 37. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, monarch, Indian), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg128:37:48 # text = The sun was setting, and the monarch was about to give his court the signal to retire, when suddenly an Indian appeared before his throne, leading a horse richly harnessed, and looking in every respect exactly like a real one. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 sun sun NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 3 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 setting set VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 monarch monarch NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 9 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 10 about about ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 parataxis _ _ 11 to to PART TO _ 12 mark _ _ 12 give give VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 xcomp _ _ 13 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ _ 14 court court NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 iobj _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 signal signal NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 17 to to PART TO _ 18 mark _ _ 18 retire retire VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 acl _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 20 when when SCONJ WRB _ 24 mark _ _ 21 suddenly suddenly ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 22 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 Indian Indian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 nsubj _ _ 24 appeared appear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 25 before before ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ _ 27 throne throne NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 28 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 29 leading lead VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 24 advcl _ _ 30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 horse horse NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obj _ _ 32 richly richly ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 33 harnessed harness VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 29 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 34 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 36 looking look VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 conj _ _ 37 in in ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 39 det _ _ 39 respect respect NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ _ 40 exactly exactly ADV RB _ 44 advmod _ _ 41 like like ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 42 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 43 real real ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 44 amod _ _ 44 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 45 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **set** | past · progressive | the sun | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **is** | past | the monarch | | | | | about *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **give** | to-infinitive | the monarch *not said here* | the signal | sun's court | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent court=Recipient signal=Theme | | 4 | **retire** | to-infinitive | the monarch *not said here* | the signal *not said here* | | | | | vn resign-10.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **appear** | past | a Indian | | | sun's throne | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before throne=Location | | 6 | **lead** | gerund | a Indian *not said here* | a horse | | | | | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme | | 7 | **harness** | participle | a Indian *not said here* | | | | | richly *property* | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 8 | **look** | gerund | the sun *not said here* | | | | | like a real one; in every respect | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in respect=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 47](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/37/47/) - next →: [sentence 49](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/37/49/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/37/)