---
title: "Sire," said he, prostrating himself as he spoke, "although I make m… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: "Sire," said he, prostrating himself as he spoke, "although I make my appearance so late before your Highness, I can confidently assure you that none of the wonders you have seen during the day can be compared to this horse, if you will deign to cast your eyes upon him." Who acts: Sire, you. A sente
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 37, sentence 49

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"Sire," said he, prostrating himself as he spoke, "although I make my appearance so late before your Highness, I can confidently assure you that none of the wonders you have seen during the day can be compared to this horse, if you will deign to cast your eyes upon him."

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**Who acts:** Sire, you · **What happens:** say, prostrate, speak, make, assure, see · **To what, where:** Sire, appearance, you, wonders, none, eyes · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 37. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sire, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:37:49
# text = "Sire," said he, prostrating himself as he spoke, "although I make my appearance so late before your Highness, I can confidently assure you that none of the wonders you have seen during the day can be compared to this horse, if you will deign to cast your eyes upon him."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sire	sire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	prostrating	prostrate	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	ccomp	_	_
9	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	8	obj	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
14	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	although	although	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	advcl	_	_
18	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	appearance	appearance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	so	so	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	late	late	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	17	advmod	_	_
22	before	before	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	Highness	highness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
26	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
27	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
28	confidently	confidently	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
29	assure	assure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
30	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	29	iobj	_	_
31	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	44	mark	_	_
32	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	44	nsubj:pass	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	wonders	wonder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	nmod	_	_
36	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj	_	_
37	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
38	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	35	acl:relcl	_	_
39	during	during	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
42	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	44	aux	_	_
43	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	44	aux:pass	_	_
44	compared	compare	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	29	advcl	_	_
45	to	to	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
46	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	47	det	_	_
47	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	52	punct	_	_
49	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	52	mark	_	_
50	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	52	nsubj	_	_
51	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	52	aux	_	_
52	deign	deign	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
53	to	to	PART	TO	_	54	mark	_	_
54	cast	cast	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	52	xcomp	_	_
55	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	56	nmod:poss	_	_
56	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	54	obj	_	_
57	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	58	case	_	_
58	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	54	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
59	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	52	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	52	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Sire |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **prostrate** | gerund | Sire | Sire |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Sire |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **make** *in a quote* | present | Sire | my appearance |  |  |  | late *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent appearance=Product |
| 5 | **assure** *in a quote* | can | Sire |  | you |  |  | confidently *property* | vn advise-37.9 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient |
| 6 | **see** *in a quote* | present · perfect | you | the wonders *not said here* |  |  | day |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer wonder=Stimulus |
| 7 | **compare** *in a quote* | can · passive |  | none |  |  |  | to this horse | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 8 | **deign** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | future | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 9 | **cast** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | your eyes |  |  |  | upon Sire | vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent eye=Theme upon he=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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